Ingot-heating furnace.



" 116.724.552. PIATENTBD APR'. 7, 190s. P. H. DANIELS a s. T. an o. 11. WELLMAN.

.INGoT y1111.113111@ FURNAGE.

Arrmonlou FILED JUNE 19. 1902. v

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.N 0. 724,552. i "PATENTED APR. 7,1903..

P. Hy. DANIELS & s. T.' & 0. zH. WELLMAN;

INGoT HEATING FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILEDJUNB 19', 1902.

I0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2. k

PATENTED APR. 7,1903.

F. H. DANIBLS & s, T. & G. H. WELLMAN.

INGoT-HEATING PURNACE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNEv 19, 1902. )TU MODEL. v 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 724,552. y 'PTBN'TED Arm-7.1903.

F. H. DANIBLS as. T.. aan. H.'W15LLlszuusL INGOT HEATING PURNAGE. No 01ml APPLIOATKION FILEDJUNE 19, 1902. o snngTsfgnnnT-l y ma Noams PETERS Puocxuwo., WASHINGTON. n. c.

No. 724,552. PATENTED APR. 7, 1903.

F. H. DANIELS &. s. T. & A0.- H. 'WELLMAN INGOT HEATING FURNAGB.

, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19, 1902'.

-10 MODEL.v 58HEETB1BHEET5.

'I o T Il o Q D .y f

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e -Nrrnn STATESV PATENT OFFICE.

FRED H. DANIELS, OF VORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, AND SAMUEL T. WELLMAN AND CHARLES H. WELLMAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO; SAID WELLMAN AND lYVELLMAN ASSIGNORS TO THE WELLMAN-SEAVER- MORGAN 'ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPO- RATION OF OHIO.

INGoT- H EATING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letterslatent N0. 724,552, dated April 7, 1903.

' Application flied June 19.1902. sentire. 112,322. (Numan.)

T0 all LU/71.0711, t muy concern:

Be it known that we, FRED H. DANIELs, residing at Worcester, county of NVorcester, State of lvlassachusetts,and SAMUEL T. WELL- MAN and CHARLES H. WELLMAN, residing at Cleveland, count'yvof Cuyahoga, Stateof Ohio, all citizens of the United States, have invent-` ed certain new and useful Improvements in Ingot Heating Furnaces; and we do hereby de clare the following to'be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The vinvention relates to the type of furnace illustrated, described, and claimedin our Patent No. 645,305, dated March 13, 1900, and has to do more especially with improvements in the manner of getting the ingots into and out of the furnace. Certain details of the construction of the interior of the f urnace-chamber and the construction and manner of operating the door at the discharge end are also included herein.' i Y The improvements are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l is a plan view of the entire furnace, one-half being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line;3 3, Fig. l. Fig. 4

is a detailof the chargingend of the furnace,v partly in section, showing one arrangement4 for supporting the ingots. Fig. isa similar view showing another arrangement for the same purpose. Fig. 6 is acentral longitudinal section of the forehearth or shelf at the charging end of the furnace, and Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively 'a plan. and sectional elevation of the,dischargedoor and means for operating it.

Referring to theviews, a denotes the heatin g-chamber ofthe furnace.` It has the same general form and arrangement as that of our former patent, but is provided along its side walls with angular blocks b ofthe form best shown inVV Figs. 2 and 3-1that is -to say, -having their inner faces inclined from their upper ends toward the center of the furnace for something more thanY half their height and their lower portions inclined away fromeach other toward the furnacewalls, as shown Vat c in Fig. 3, so that the furnace-chamber is formed with a narrow passage-way at a point a little below its center and has oppositely and outwardly flaring side walls above and below the narrow part. The object of this arl rangement is to permit the ingots to be introduced into and pushed through the heatingchamber with alternate in gots leaning against opposite sides of the furnace-walls, as indicated in dotted lines in Figs. 3 aud4, and-it is advisable that the distance apart of the widestportions of the blocks bshould not greatly eX- ceed the width of the ingots. As in the construction of the former patent, the ingots are setup on end; but instead of all being arranged in'upright position one behind another they are tipped alternately toward opposite sides and rest with their upper ends against water;

cooled pipes d,which project through the furnace-walls and through the blocks I), as shown in Figs. l and 2. This arrangement greatly lfacilitates the heating of the in gots, inasmuch as it, in effect, divides the heating-chamber up into flues or passages for the products of combustion running zigzag from one end to the other and exposes all sides of the ingots to the direct action of flame and gases passing through the chamber. The lower ends of the ingots rest upon water-cooled pipes running. along the door of the furnace. The pipes e may be arranged as shown in Fig. l,where a single line runs down the middle of the heat` At the charging end the furnace is provided" just outside the door-opening with a shelf or forehearth g, upon whichthe ingots are deposited by a crane and from `which they are pushed through the door-opening h` into the ing-chamber, or as shown in Fig. 4, where I' 'two lines of pipe are shown, one on each side heatingchamber- The floor of this shelf or hearth is provided with a solid rod or rods t', which are arranged in line with the pipe or pipes e of the furnace-chamber, so that the ingots readily slide from the rods onto the pipes. The shelf or forehearth is also provided with side pieces or wingsj, and to these wings are secured angular blocks 7c, which are formed like the blocks d on the inside of the furnace, except that they are cut away below the point where they come nearest together. These blocks perform the important function of positioning the ingots ready to be slid into the furnace. As before stated, the ingots are deposited upon the forehearth by cranes, and as they are lowered onto the shelf they strike one or the other of these blocks, and their lower ends are deected, so that when released by the cranes they rest in the inclined positions indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, with their upper ends leaning against solid rods h h, running along the side plates.

The furnace is fired by any sort of generators Z l, located at the end opposite the charging-door, and the products of combuslion pass into the heating-chamber by way of the passages m into lateral enlargements n of the discharge end of the furnace. After passing through the furnace they issue through passages o to the usual stack.

In the construction shown in our patent above referred to the discharge-door was in the end of the furnace and the ingots were discharged by being pushed out. In the present form we construct the discharge end of the furnace with a breast p and form the discharge-opening q in the roof, so that the ingots may be lifted up and out of the furnace by a crane. The lloor of the furnace at this end is provided with a sand bed r, and the pipe or pipes e are continued past the ends of the side blocks d and are bent downwardly, so as to allow the ingots to slide off onto the bed in a position immediately under the discharge-opening. The sand bed being somewhat below the pipe e, we have provided the breast p with a similar water-cooled pipe s for the upper part of the end ingot to rest against when it falls forward, as it is likely to do when pushed from the pipes e onto the bed r, and to prevent the ingot from falling over to one side we continue the end section of the side pipes d past the discharge-opening and through the breast. The oor of the furnaces incliues from the level of the sand bed backward to a slag-discharge t, and' the floor of the opposite end also inclines toward the saine discharge, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The slag from the sand bed r, which does not return to the dischargeport runs forward down an incline to a slagspout it, whence it is delivered outside the furnace.

The discharge-opening q is covered by a cover n, which is moved bodily sidewise, as will presently be described. The seat for the coveraround the opening is inclined, as shown in Fig. 2, the lower edge being on that side whence the cover is moved to open it. The cover itself is pivotally mounted upona carriage, which may be of any preferred construction, but is here shown as consisting of side bars 0,' a', travelingon rollers b b', that run on rails c c. The cover is pivoted about centrally of its width to the front ends of the side bars and is connected at its rear edge to the piston d of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder e', that is mounted on trunnions, so as to accommodate itself to the tilting movements of the cover n. The side rails c' c' are supported by framing ff, erected beyond the end of the furnace, and the cover when moved over the opening overhangs the rails. As the cover is quite heavy, it is therefore desirable to provide additional rails g g over the tops of the rear rollers to prevent the carriage from tipping up. The cover normally stands in about the position shown in Fig. 8 and is operated by the hydraulic cylinder to open and close the discharge-opening q, and the arrangement of the seat on an inclination to the plane of movement of the cover enables the opening and closing to be effected wit-hout lifting the weight of the cover. It also insures as tight a joint for the cover when closed as though it were of the vertically-lifting variety and has the additional advantage that the seat is kept free from the accumulation of slag, cinders, and dirt by the slight scraping movement of the edges of the cover on the inclined seat.

Such being the construction of our iinproved furnace, it is to be noted that it is adapted for any form of fuel that may be desired. The generators shown herein are only intended to illustrate the general arrangement and connection with the heating-cham-- ber of whatever form of generator may be employed.

The ingotsare delivered one at a time by the usual charging-crane and set up on end on the shelf or forehearth. As theyare dcposited they are tipped alternately to one side and the other and occupy on the hearth the same positions they preserve in their passage through the furnace. They are shoved into the furnace by any sort of a pusher that may be found convenientand elfective,the charging-door (which usually slides vertically) being raised whenever it is desired to introduce more ingots. As the ingots move through the furnace in opposition to the passage of the products of combustion they are gradually and uniformly heated, and the time and temperature are so regulated that by the time the ingots reach the discharge end of the furnace they have been brought to the proper temperature. When the ingots reach the end of the pipe e, they slide off and rest on the sand bed a" with their upper ends leaning against the pipe s. In this position they may be easily lifted out through the opening in the roof.

Although we have shown the inclined blocks IIO on the furnace-walls as coming nearest together at a point slightly below the horizontal center of theA chamber, it is to be understood that the inclination of these blocks may be varied and that the narrowest part may be somewhat higher or lower than shown herein.

Having thus described our invention,'what we claim ise l. In an ingot-heating furnace, a shelf` or forehearth at the charging end on a level with the furnace-door, said vshelf being provided with means for causingth'e ingots to assume inclined positions as they are deposited thereon.

2. In an ingot-heating furnace, a shelf or forehearth at the charging en d on a level with the furnace-floor, said shelf having side rods for the ends of the ingots to lean against, and a rod or rods on the floor .for the base of the ingot to rest on.

3. In an ingot-heating furnace, a shelf or forehearth at the charging end on a level with the f urnace-tloor, said shelf having side Walls Vin the loor of the furnace, and side rodsfor the upper ends of the ingots to lean against.

5. An ingot-heating furnace havinga chamber formed to receive the ingots standing on end, the side walls of said chamber having blocks or plates inclining downward and inward so as to form a passage for the ingots which is4 wider above than at a point slightly below the horizontal centerof the chamber.

6.` An ingot-heating furnace having a chamber formed to receive the ingots standing on end, the side walls of said chamber having blocks or plates inclining from their upper ends downward and inward to a pointsomewhat below the horizontal center of the chamberfwhence said blocks are inclined downwardly and outwardly, whereby a passage fork end, a water-cooled support in the floor of the chamber for the ingots to slide on, a sand 'bed at the end of the support, and a breast or wall against which the ingot leans when it has been s lid onto the bed from the support.

' 9. An ingot-heating furnace having a chamber formed to receive the ingots standing on end, a water-cooled support in the door of the chamber on which the ingots slide, a sand bed at the end of the pipe, a breast or wall at the end of the chamber having a water-cooled support against which the ingot leans when it has been slid onto the bed from the floor-snpport,.

'in the top at the discharge end through which the ingots may be lifted vertically.

11. An ingot-heating furnacefhaving acontinuous elongated chamber formed with a narrow passage-way adapted to receive the in'- gots standing on end and permit them to be passed horizontally through said chamber in this position, a breast or wall closing the discharge end of the chamber horizontally, a sand bed in the end of the chamber adjacent to the breast, and an opening in the top of the chamber above the bed at the discharge end through which the ingots may be lifted vertically. v

12. An ingot-heating furnace having a discharge opening in its top with an inclined seat for a cover, a carriage movable in a horizontal plane and carrying a cover .to open and close the opening, a cover pivoted centrally to the carriage, and means connected to one edge of the cover for moving it and the carriage.

13. An ingot-heating furnace having a discharge-opening in its top with a seat for a vcover inclined to the horizontal, a carriage ICO Witnesses asrto Samuel T. and Charles H. 

